Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the biological activity and antibacterial property of cerium oxide–incorporated calcium silicate coatings ( CeO2 -CS) in dental implants. Materials and Methods: In this study, MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the plastic, Ti-6Al-4V, and the cerium oxide–incorporated calcium silicate coatings ( CeO2 -CS) coating served as the blank, control, and CeO2 -CS groups, respectively. A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the biocompatibility. The osteoblastic differentiation of the MC3T3-E1 cells was also analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. The CCK-8 and counts of colony-forming units (CFUs) were used to detect the antibacterial activity of the coating on Enterococcus faecalis . The study showed that the cerium oxide–incorporated calcium silicate coating ( CeO2 -CS) has better biocompatibility. Meanwhile, the ALP, OCN, and BSP mRNA expression levels in the CeO2 -CS group were significantly upregulated ( P < 0.05). The number of viable bacteria and the CFU results were significantly reduced in the CeO2 -CS group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The cerium oxide–incorporated calcium silicate coatings ( CeO2 -CS) may promote the osteoblastic differentiation of osteoblasts. Meanwhile, the cerium oxide–incorporated calcium silicate coating ( CeO2 -CS) showed strong antimicrobial activity on E. faecalis , with good biocompatibility.