The APEX gene encodes the major AP endonuclease in human cells. It encodes the APEX endonuclease, a DNA repair enzyme with apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) activity. Such AP activity sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. The AP sites are the most frequent pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication. Splice variants have been found for this gene; all encode the same protein. Disruptions in the biological functions related to APEX are associated with many various malignancies and neurodegenerative diseases.

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Validation of APE1 knockdown using flow cytometry. Wild-type(WT, Blue) and knockdown(KD, Green) HeLa cells were stained with APE1 antibody and analyzed using BD flow cytometer.

Flow cytometric analysis of APE1 expression in HT-1080 cells using APE1 antibody . Green, isotype control; red, APE1.

Immunocytochemical staining of HepG2 cells with APE1 antibody . Nuclei were stained blue with DAPI; APE1 was stained magenta with Alexa Fluor® 647. Images were taken using Leica stellaris 5. Protein abundance based on laser Intensity and smart gain: Medium. Scale bar, 20 μm.

Western blotting analysis using APE1 antibody . Total cell lysates (30 μg) from various cell lines were loaded and separated by SDS-PAGE. The blot was incubated with APE1 antibody and HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody respectively. Image was developed using FeQ™ ECL Substrate Kit .

Western blotting analysis using APE1 antibody . APE1 expression in wild type (WT) and APE1 shRNA knockdown (KD) HeLa cells with 30 μg of total cell lysates. Hsp90 α serves as a loading control. The blot was incubated with APE1 antibody and HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody respectively. Image was developed using FeQ™ ECL Substrate Kit .

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