This gene encodes a member of the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family, which includes proteases that process protein and peptide precursors trafficking through regulated or constitutive branches of the secretory pathway. It encodes a type 1 membrane bound protease that is expressed in many tissues, including neuroendocrine, liver, gut, and brain. The encoded protein undergoes an initial autocatalytic processing event in the ER and then sorts to the trans-Golgi network through endosomes where a second autocatalytic event takes place and the catalytic activity is acquired. Like other members of this convertase family, the product of this gene specifically cleaves substrates at single or paired basic residues. Some of its substrates include proparathyroid hormone, transforming growth factor beta 1 precursor, proalbumin, pro-beta-secretase, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase, beta subunit of pro-nerve growth factor and von Willebrand factor. It is thought to be one of the proteases responsible for the activation of HIV envelope glycoproteins gp160 and gp140, and may play a role in tumor progression. Unlike SARS-CoV and other coronaviruses, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is thought to be uniquely cleaved by this protease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

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Immunocytochemical staining of HeLa cells with FURIN antibody . Nuclei were stained blue with DAPI; FURIN was stained magenta with Alexa Fluor® 647. lmages were taken using Leica stellaris 5. Protein abundance based on laser Intensity and smart gain: Medium. Scale bar, 20 μm.

Flow cytometric analysis of FURIN expression in HeLa cells using FURIN antibody . Green, isotype control; red, FURIN.

Western blotting analysis using FURIN antibody . Total cell lysates (30 μg) from various cell lines were loaded and separated by SDS-PAGE. The blot was incubated with FURIN antibody and HRP-conjugated goat anti rabbit secondary antibody respectively. Image was developed using NaQ™ ECL Substrate Kit .

Western blotting analysis using FURIN antibody . FURIN expression in wild-type (WT) and FURIN knockdown (KD) HeLa cells with 20 μg of total cell lysates. β-Tubulin serves as a loading control. The blot was incubated with FURIN antibody and HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody respectively. Image was developed using NaQ™ ECL Substrate Kit .

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