PRPS (phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase) proteins catalyze the synthesis of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). Three human PRPS isoforms exist and are encoded by three different genes. PRPS1 and PRPS2 (also known as PRS1 and PRS2, respectively) are ubiquitously expressed, while PRPS3 (also known as PRPS1L1) is specific to the testis. PRPP is an important substrate synthesized from MgATP and ribose-5-phosphate in a reaction that requires inorganic phosphate and magnesium as a cofactor. PRPP is essential in the synthesis of nearly all nucleotides, implying that PRPS proteins play an important role in nucleotide biosynthesis and purine metabolism. PRPS2 is a 318 amino acid protein that exists as a homodimer and a hexamer composed of three homodimers.

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