裸子植物罗汉松（Torreya grandis）中，TgSnRK1对转录因子TgWRKY47的磷酸化作用可调控其锥体增大过程。

Abstract

Summary en This link goes to a English section zh This link goes to a Chinese section Reproduction is essential for seed plant survival, and in gymnosperms, cone enlargement plays a pivotal role in seed production and reproduction. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating cone enlargement after fertilization remain poorly understood. Here, using Torreya grandis , a representative gymnosperm species with persistently low cone enlargement efficiency, we elucidated the molecular regulation of cone enlargement and identified sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 1 (TgSnRK1) as a novel negative regulator of this process. TgSnRK1 physically interacted with the WRKY transcription factor TgWRKY47 both in vitro and in vivo . Functional analyses revealed that TgSnRK1 acted upstream of TgWRKY47 and suppressed cone enlargement in T. grandis . Phosphorylation assays revealed that TgSnRK1 directly phosphorylated TgWRKY47 at Thr-75. This phosphorylation event markedly reduced the transactivation activity of TgWRKY47, thereby attenuating its activation of the cell wall-remodeling gene TgEXPA2 , a key regulator of cell expansion during cone enlargement. Together, these findings establish a phosphorylation-dependent TgSnRK1-TgWRKY47-TgEXPA2 regulatory pathway in which developmental attenuation of TgSnRK1-mediated phosphorylation of TgWRKY47 at Thr-75 enhances TgWRKY47 transactivation activity, thereby promoting TgEXPA2-dependent cone enlargement. This study advances our understanding of reproductive development in gymnosperms and identifies potential molecular targets for improving reproductive efficiency and seed yield. 概括 en This link goes to a English section zh This link goes to a Chinese section 繁殖是维持种子植物生存和延续的关键过程。在裸子植物中，球果膨大是种子发育和繁殖过程中的关键环节。然而，受精后调控球果膨大的分子机制目前仍知之甚少。本研究以球果膨大效率长期较低的典型裸子植物香榧 ( Torreya grandis ) 为材料，研究了球果膨大的分子调控机制，并鉴定发现蔗糖非发酵型蛋白激酶1 (sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 1，TgSnRK1) 是抑制该过程的重要调控因子。 研究发现，TgSnRK1可在体外和体内与WRKY转录因子TgWRKY47发生互作。功能分析