Abstract

Simple Summary Pinus massoniana Lamb is a key native tree species in southern China with great economic and ecological value, and seasonal drought severely restricts its growth and yield. The SAUR gene family is vital for plant growth and stress resistance, but relevant studies on coniferous trees are still insufficient. In this study, 73 SAUR genes were identified in P. massoniana through bioinformatics and molecular experiments to explore their functions in P. massoniana drought adaptation. We analyzed the gene structure, evolutionary characteristics and stress response elements of these genes and screened four core genes that can respond to drought stress. These unique genes may be involved in regulating the root growth and reproductive development of P. massoniana to help the tree adapt to drought environments. This study provides insights into the drought response patterns of the SAUR gene family in P. massoniana, fills the research gap for conifers, and provides valuable genetic resources and a theoretical basis for drought-resistant molecular breeding of P. massoniana.