_{(-)-Huperzine A (HupA, huperzine A)，又称石杉碱甲或(-)-石杉碱甲，是从中药石杉属植物千层塔中提取出来的天然植物碱，是一种高特异性的、具有血脑屏障渗透性的、可逆的乙酰胆碱酯酶有效抑制剂，Ki值为7 nM，IC50值为82 nM；也是N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体的非竞争性拮抗剂。(-)-Huperzine A多用于神经退行性疾病的研究，它通过抑制胆碱酯酶活性，影响自由基系统等多种药理机制，提高认知功能和学习记忆能力。}

参考文献

1. MA Xiao-Chao, XIN Jian, WANG Hai-Xue, et al. Acute effects of huperzine A and tacrine on rat liver. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2003 Mar;24(3):247-50.
2. Rui Wang, et al. Progress in studies of huperzine A, a natural cholinesterase inhibitor from Chinese herbal medicine. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2006 Jan;27(1):1-26.
3. Zhang JM, et al. Huperzine A, a nootropic alkaloid, inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced current in rat dissociated hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience. 2001;105(3):663-9..
4. Maung Kyaw Moe Tun, et al. The pharmacology and therapeutic potential of (−)-huperzine A. J Exp Pharmacol. 2012 Sep 5;4:113-23.
5. R Wang, et al. Huperzine A attenuates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal degeneration caused by beta-amyloid protein-(1-40) in rat. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Jun 15;421(3):149-56.

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