Abstract

Tissue engineering scaffolds replicate the structure and function of the extracellular matrix, offering a supportive environment for cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation, thus enabling the regeneration of damaged tissues. Effective design of such scaffolds requires good biocompatibility, adjustable biodegradability, and a porous, biomimetic structure. Herein, regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) fibrous mats with biomimetic, porous, and biodegradable features were fabricated from aqueous solution via solution blow spinning using an optimized spinneret design, and subsequently applied for wound healing. This technique mimics the natural spinning process, yielding materials that replicate both the structure and function of the native extracellular matrix. Hydrodynamic simulations were employed to investigate the effect of spinneret dimensions on the shear-stretching behavior of the RSF solution. Compared with electrospun mats, solution blow-spun mats produced with optimized spinnerets exhibited larger fiber diameter, increased pore size, and higher porosity, which collectively enhance cell migration and proliferation. Due to their distinctive structural features and inherent biocompatibility, solution blow-spun fibrous RSF mats more effectively supported epidermal regeneration and collagen deposition during wound healing. Moreover, they demonstrated dual functionality by mitigating inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration, thereby accelerating wound closure and improving healing quality. Incorporation of centella asiatica extract into the RSF fibrous mats further enhanced their wound repair efficacy. Overall, this work presents an efficient strategy for the scalable and rapid production of silk fibroin-based scaffolds, positioning them as promising candidates for wound healing and tissue engineering applications.