Abstract

Functional maturation of post-extraction blood clots is the biological cornerstone for alveolar socket preservation, where fibrin-mediated osteogenic cell recruitment and matrix mineralization dictate long-term bone regeneration outcomes. To safeguard this critical process, we engineer an octopus-inspired tissue-adhesive nanofiber membrane (ANF) that actively stabilizes clots without occlusive disruption. Its bilayer architecture combines an outer hydrophobic nanofibrous layer that suppresses bacterial infiltration by 93.09 ± 0.55% and an inner charge-heterogeneous Polyethyleneimine (PEI)/Polyacrylic acid (PAA) nanofiber network. Upon application, this system creates an adaptive tissue adhesive strength of 5.87 ± 0.57 kPa through biomimetic suction, which reaches 17.37 ± 3.26 kPa with hydrogen bonding on palatal tissues. At the same time, opposite-charged interfaces of PEI/PAA nanofiber electrostatically enrich fibrinogen and coagulation factors. The blood clotting index was decreased to 1.43 ± 0.09%. Crucially, this non-occlusive strategy avoids filler-induced mechanical interference with natural clot retraction, while establishing a protective microenvironment for the re-epithelialization of the gingiva. Rat anterior tooth extraction model confirms synergistic biological advantages: wound contraction is enhanced on days 7 and 14, respectively. ANF significantly improved alveolar ridge height reservation by 69.69 ± 2.53%, with a new bone area of 89.83 ± 2.06%. By accelerating hemostasis with unperturbed biological remodeling, this membrane transforms clot maturation into functional bone regeneration.